Pneumonia continues to pose a notable public health issue on a global scale, highlighting the crucial need for precise and prompt identification to lessen its effects on patient prognosis. Chest X-ray imaging is a common diagnostic tool for identifying pneumonia due to its non-invasiveness and wide availability. Recently, convolutional neural networks (CNNs), a type of deep learning method, have shown promise in automating the detection of pneumonia from X-ray images. In this paper, we present a comprehensive comparative study of three popular deep learning models—VGG16, Inception V3, and ResNet 50V2—for pneumonia detection in X-ray datasets. The dataset used consists of 5,863 chest X-ray images collected from Kaggle, which are classified into two main categories: pneumonia and normal. The ResNet 50V2 model did very well in the experiments; it was able to correctly identify pneumonia 95.97% of the time, which was better than both VGG16 (93.58%) and Inception V3 (93.38%). We also conduct an analysis of performance metrics such as validation loss, validation accuracy, recall, and precision, and calculate the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) for each model. We also talk about how to compare ROC curves and precision-recall curves, which lets you see how well the models do at telling the difference between things and how well they do across a number of evaluation metrics. Our study contributes to the development of efficient and high-performance deep learning models for improving the diagnosis and treatment processes for pneumonia patients in the medical field.